Isaiah 33
Isaiah chapter 33 overview
I. Woe to the Destroyer (Isaiah 33:1)
1. Destroyer and traitor (33:1)
II. The is the salvation of the people (Isaiah 33:2:-5)
1. The LORD is salvation in times of trouble to those who wait for him (33:2)
2. The LORD arises the nations scatter (33:3)
3. The Spoil of the LORD was gathered as if by Locust (33:3)
4. The LORD fills Zion with justice and righteousness (33:4)
5. There will be a storehouse of salvation (33:6)
IV. The Covenant has been broken the enemy comes (Isaiah 33:7-9)
1. The warriors and messengers of war cry in the streets (33:7)
2. The covenant is broken, and there is no human life is disregarded (33:8)
3. The beautiful cities become exposed (33:9)
V. The LORD will arise and be exalted (Isaiah 10:
1. The LORD will lift himself up and be exalted (33:10)
2. The enemy is consumed by fire (33:11)
3. The nations were burned (33:12)
4. People will acknowledge God's might (33:13)
VI. The righteous will have protection (Isaiah 33:14-19)
1. The sinners of Zion can stand the fire (33:14)
2. The righteous are the ones who walk upright (33:15)
3. The righteous will take refuge in the mountain fortress (33:16)
4. The righteous will see the king coming from afar (33:15)
5. Fear vanished (33:18)
6. The insolent people are no longer around (33:19)
VII. Zion is established, and the LORD rings (Isaiah 33:20-24)
1. Zion will be an established tent no longer wondered (33:20)
2. Zion's residents will be forgiven of their iniquity (33:24)
3. The enemy won't come again (33:21,23)
4. Jehovah becomes the judge, lawgiver, and King (33:22)
This chapter renders from Isaiah 31 and sets the stage for Isaiah 37 and the destruction of the Assyrian army (Isaiah 37:35-36) in circa 701BC. The King of Assyria was the type for the destroyer/despoiler (Isaiah 10:5), however, is pointing to an end-time "destroyer" which is destroyed and the people who the LORD delivered and became the King of Zion a place of safety (Isaiah 33:16,22).
- Trouble at home 1-33
- Redemption of Zion 37-39
- Good news to Jerusalem 40-52
- Jehovah's atonement 53
- Gathering of Israel 55-66
Isaiah's seven-part or Bifid Structure
Ruin & Rebirth (Isaiah 1–5; 34–35)
Rebellion & Compliance (Isaiah 6–8; 36–40)
Punishment & Deliverance (Isaiah 9–12; 41–46)
Humiliation & Exaltation (Isaiah 13–23; 47)
Suffering & Salvation (Isaiah 24–27; 48–54)
Disloyalty & Loyalty (Isaiah 28–31; 55–59) <You are here
Disinheritance & Inheritance (Isaiah 32–33; 60–66)
Isaiah 33 verse by verse
Tabs: Isaiah Verse= Isaiah Institute Translation Hebrew= Hebrew & Strong's concordance from BibleHub Translations=Preferred Translations Exegesis=Personal Analysis Commentaries=Preferred comentaries Video=Video Analysis
Translations: KJV= King James Version NIV=New International Version BSB=Berean Standart Bible NASB=New American Standart Bible BST=Brenton Septuagint Translation Alter=Ater's Translation
1 Woe to you, despoiler,
who yourself was not despoiled;
O treacherous one,
with whom none have been treacherous:
when you have done with devastating,
you shall be devastated;
when you are through betraying,
they shall betray you!
Woe
ה֣וֹי (hō·w)
Interjection
Strong's 1945: Ah! alas! ha!
to you,
וְאַתָּה֙ (wə·’at·tāh)
Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - second person masculine singular
Strong's 859: Thou and thee, ye and you
O destroyer
שׁוֹדֵ֗ד (šō·w·ḏêḏ)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 7703: To deal violently with, despoil, devastate, ruin
never
לֹ֣א (lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no
destroyed,
שָׁד֔וּד (šā·ḏūḏ)
Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singular
Strong's 7703: To deal violently with, despoil, devastate, ruin
O traitor
וּבוֹגֵ֖ד (ū·ḇō·w·ḡêḏ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 898: To cover, to act covertly, to pillage
never
וְלֹא־ (wə·lō-)
Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no
betrayed!
בָ֣גְדוּ (ḇā·ḡə·ḏū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 898: To cover, to act covertly, to pillage
When you have finished
כַּהֲתִֽמְךָ֤ (ka·hă·ṯim·ḵā)
Preposition-k | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 8552: To be complete or finished
destroying,
שׁוֹדֵד֙ (šō·w·ḏêḏ)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 7703: To deal violently with, despoil, devastate, ruin
you will be destroyed.
תּוּשַּׁ֔ד (tūš·šaḏ)
Verb - QalPass - Imperfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 7703: To deal violently with, despoil, devastate, ruin
When you have finished
כַּנְּלֹתְךָ֥ (kan·nə·lō·ṯə·ḵā)
Preposition-k | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 5239: Perhaps to obtain, attain
betraying,
לִבְגֹּ֖ד (liḇ·gōḏ)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 898: To cover, to act covertly, to pillage
you will be betrayed.
יִבְגְּדוּ־ (yiḇ·gə·ḏū-)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 898: To cover, to act covertly, to pillage
KJV Woe to thee that spoilest, and thou wast not spoiled; and dealest treacherously, and they dealt not treacherously with thee! when thou shalt cease to spoil, thou shalt be spoiled; and when thou shalt make an end to deal treacherously, they shall deal treacherously with thee.
NIV Woe to you, destroyer, you who have not been destroyed! Woe to you, betrayer, you who have not been betrayed! When you stop destroying, you will be destroyed; when you stop betraying, you will be betrayed.
ESV Ah, you destroyer, who yourself have not been destroyed, you traitor, whom none has betrayed! When you have ceased to destroy, you will be destroyed; and when you have finished betraying, they will betray you.
BSB Woe to you, O destroyer never destroyed, O traitor never betrayed! When you have finished destroying, you will be destroyed. When you have finished betraying, you will be betrayed.
NASB Woe to you, destroyer, While you were not destroyed; And he who is treacherous, while others did not deal treacherously with him. As soon as you finish destroying, you will be destroyed; As soon as you cease to deal treacherously, others will deal treacherously with you.
BST Woe to them that afflict you; but no one makes you miserable: and he that deals perfidiously with you does not deal perfidiously: they that deal perfidiously shall be taken and given up, and as a moth on a garment, so shall they be spoiled.
Alter Woe, plunderer, and you are not plundered, traitor, and they did not betray you. When you are done plundering, you shall be plundered, when you finish betraying, they shall betray you.
Chabad Woe to you who spoil and you are not spoiled, and who deal treacherously, and they did not deal treacherously with you. When you finish your spoiling, you shall be spoiled, when you finish dealing treacherously, they shall deal treacherously with you.
Hebrew Transliteration of Isaiah 33:1
Woe to you, destroyer O destroyer never destroyed,
O traitor never betrayed!
When you have finished destroying, you will be destroyed.
When you have finished betraying, you will be betrayed.
Parallel
A. Destroyer-Traitor
B. Never destroyed- Never betrayed
C. Finish destroying - finished betraying
D. Be destroyed - Be betrayed
The one who destroys also betrays, what he does never has been done to him, but when his work is done, he will be destroyed and betrayed.
2 O Jehovah, be favorable toward us;
we have waited for you.
Be our strength of arm from morning to morning,
our salvation in troubled times.
O LORD,
יְהוָ֥ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel
be gracious to us!
חָנֵּ֖נוּ (ḥān·nê·nū)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular | first person common plural
Strong's 2603: To bend, stoop in kindness to an inferior, to favor, bestow, to implore
We wait for You.
קִוִּ֑ינוּ (qiw·wî·nū)
Verb - Piel - Perfect - first person common plural
Strong's 6960: To bind together, collect, to expect
Be
הֱיֵ֤ה (hĕ·yêh)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular
Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be
our strength
זְרֹעָם֙ (zə·rō·‘ām)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 2220: The arm, the foreleg, force
every morning
לַבְּקָרִ֔ים (lab·bə·qā·rîm)
Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 1242: Dawn, morning
and
אַף־ (’ap̄-)
Conjunction
Strong's 637: Meaning accession, yea, adversatively though
our salvation
יְשׁוּעָתֵ֖נוּ (yə·šū·‘ā·ṯê·nū)
Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common plural
Strong's 3444: Something saved, deliverance, aid, victory, prosperity
in time
בְּעֵ֥ת (bə·‘êṯ)
Preposition-b | Noun - common singular construct
Strong's 6256: Time, now, when
of trouble.
צָרָֽה׃ (ṣā·rāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 6869: Tightness, a female rival
KJV O LORD, be gracious unto us; we have waited for thee: be thou their arm every morning, our salvation also in the time of trouble.
NIV LORD, be gracious to us; we long for you. Be our strength every morning, our salvation in time of distress.
ESV O LORD, be gracious to us; we wait for you. Be our arm every morning, our salvation in the time of trouble.
BSB O LORD, be gracious to us! We wait for You. Be our strength every morning and our salvation in time of trouble.
NASB LORD, be gracious to us; we have waited for You. Be their strength every morning, Our salvation also in the time of distress.
BST Lord, have mercy upon us; for we have trusted in thee: the seed of the rebellious is gone to destruction, but our deliverance was in a time of affliction.
Alter O LORD, show us grace, in You we hope, be our arm every morning, yes, our rescue in a time of distress.
Chabbad O Lord, be gracious to us! We have hoped for You. Be their arm every morning, also our salvation in time of trouble.
Hebrew transliteration Isaiah 33:2
O LORD, be gracious to us, we wait for You.
Be our strength every morning
and in our salvation in time of trouble.
Parallel
A. Gracious - Strength - Salvation
B. We wait for you - every morning - time of trouble
The parallel can be inferred as a progressive sequence of cause and effect because we have been waiting for you, we implore grace, the wait in the LORD parallels receive the LORD's strength every morning, then in the time of trouble we can hope for deliverance.
3 The peoples fled from your thunderous voice;
at your uprising the nations scattered.
The peoples
עַמִּ֑ים (‘am·mîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock
flee
נָדְד֖וּ (nā·ḏə·ḏū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 5074: To wave to and fro, to rove, flee, to drive away
the thunder
הָמ֔וֹן (hā·mō·wn)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1995: A noise, tumult, crowd, disquietude, wealth
of Your voice;
מִקּ֣וֹל (miq·qō·wl)
Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 6963: A voice, sound
the nations
גּוֹיִֽם׃ (gō·w·yim)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 1471: A foreign nation, a Gentile, a troop of animals, a flight of locusts
scatter
נָפְצ֖וּ (nā·p̄ə·ṣū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 5310: To dash to pieces, scatter
when You rise.
מֵר֣וֹמְמֻתֶ֔ךָ (mê·rō·wm·mu·ṯe·ḵā)
Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 7427: Uplifting, arising
KJV At the noise of the tumult the people fled; at the lifting up of thyself the nations were scattered.
NIV At the uproar of your army, the peoples flee; when you rise up, the nations scatter.
ESV At the tumultuous noise peoples flee; when you lift yourself up, nations are scattered,
BSB The peoples flee the thunder of Your voice; the nations scatter when You rise.
NASB At the noise of the tumult the people shall flee; When You lift Yourself up, the nations shall be scattered;
BST By reason of the terrible sound the nations were dismayed for fear of thee, and the heathen were scattered.
Alter From the sound of a tumult peoples have fled, from Your loftiness nations have scattered.
Chabbad rom the sound of roaring peoples have wandered; from Your exaltation, nations have scattered.
Hebrew Transliteration Isaiah 33:3
The peoples flee the thunder of Your voice;
the nations scatter when you arise.
Parallel
A. The people - The nations
B. Flee-Scatter
C. Thunder of your voice - When you arise
Thunder of your voice parallels with the LORD arise, then the LORD arise in judgment to the nations, represents "thunder" from heaven which is the voice of the LORD and make the peoples/nations to flee or being scatter.
Thunders in Revelation 10
Thunder in D&C 88
4 Their spoil was harvested
in the manner of caterpillars;
like insatiable locusts they rushed upon it.
Your spoil
שְׁלַלְכֶ֔ם (šə·lal·ḵem)
Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine plural
Strong's 7998: A prey, spoil, plunder, booty
will be gathered
וְאֻסַּ֣ף (wə·’us·sap̄)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Pual - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 622: To gather for, any purpose, to receive, take away, remove
as if by locusts;
הֶֽחָסִ֑יל (he·ḥā·sîl)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2625: The ravager, a locust
like a swarm
כְּמַשַּׁ֥ק (kə·maš·šaq)
Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4944: A traversing, rapid motion
of locusts
גֵּבִ֖ים (gê·ḇîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 1357: A locust
men will pounce
שׁוֹקֵ֥ק (šō·w·qêq)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 8264: To course, to seek greedily
on it.
בּֽוֹ׃ (bōw)
Preposition | third person masculine singular
Strong's Hebrew
KJV And your spoil shall be gathered like the gathering of the caterpiller: as the running to and fro of locusts shall he run upon them.
NIV Your plunder, O nations, is harvested as by young locusts; like a swarm of locusts people pounce on it.
ESV and your spoil is gathered as the caterpillar gathers; as locusts leap, it is leapt upon.
BSB Your spoil, O nations, is gathered as by locusts; like a swarm of locusts men sweep over it.
NASB And Your plunder shall be gathered Like the gathering of the caterpillar; As the running to and fro of locusts, He shall run upon them.
BST And now shall the spoils of your small and great be gathered: as if one should gather locusts, so shall they mock you.
Alter And the spoil was gathered as locusts are gathered, like grasshoppers whirring, they whir over it.
Chabad And your booty shall be gathered like the gathering of the locusts, like the roaring of the cisterns does he roar therein.
Hebrew Transliteration Isaiah 33:4
Your spoil will be gathered as if by locust
Like a swarm of locusts men will pounce on it.
Parallel
A. Gathered - pounce
B. Locust - swarm
The spoil parallels with verse 1 (despoiler). It is gathered in the type of locust, in a swarm or fast way they will jump on it.
5 But Jehovah is supreme, for he dwells on high;
with justice and righteousness he will replenish Zion.
The LORD
יְהוָ֔ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel
is exalted,
נִשְׂגָּ֣ב (niś·gāḇ)
Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 7682: To be, lofty, inaccessible, safe, strong
for
כִּ֥י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction
He dwells
שֹׁכֵ֖ן (šō·ḵên)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 7931: To settle down, abide, dwell
on high;
מָר֑וֹם (mā·rō·wm)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4791: Altitude
He has filled
מִלֵּ֣א (mil·lê)
Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 4390: To fill, be full of
Zion
צִיּ֔וֹן (ṣî·yō·wn)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 6726: Zion -- a mountain in Jerusalem, also a name for Jerusalem
with justice
מִשְׁפָּ֖ט (miš·pāṭ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4941: A verdict, a sentence, formal decree, divine law, penalty, justice, privilege, style
and righteousness.
וּצְדָקָֽה׃ (ū·ṣə·ḏā·qāh)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 6666: Rightness, subjectively, objectively
KJV The LORD is exalted; for he dwelleth on high: he hath filled Zion with judgment and righteousness.
NIV The LORD is exalted, for he dwells on high; he will fill Zion with his justice and righteousness.
ESV The LORD is exalted, for he dwells on high; he will fill Zion with justice and righteousness,
BSB The LORD is exalted, for He dwells on high; He has filled Zion with justice and righteousness.
NASB The LORD is exalted, for He dwells on high; He has filled Zion with justice and righteousness.
BST The God who dwells on high is holy: Sion is filled with judgment and righteousness.
Alter Lofty is the LORD, for He dwells on high, He has filled Zion with justice and righteousness.
Chabad The Lord is exalted, for He dwells on high; He has filled Zion with justice and righteousness.
Hebrew transliteration Isaiah 33:5
The LORD is exalted, for he dwells on high
He has filled Zion with justice and righteousness
Parallel
A. Exalted- dwell on high
Righteousness and justice come from above, where the LORD dwells.
6 Your faithfulness in time of trial
shall prove to be a strength,
your wisdom and knowledge your salvation;
your fear of Jehovah shall be your riches.
There will be
וְהָיָה֙ (wə·hā·yāh)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be
times
עִתֶּ֔יךָ (‘it·te·ḵā)
Noun - common plural construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 6256: Time, now, when
of security for you—
אֱמוּנַ֣ת (’ĕ·mū·naṯ)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 530: Firmness, steadfastness, fidelity
a storehouse
חֹ֥סֶן (ḥō·sen)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 2633: Wealth, treasure
of salvation,
יְשׁוּעֹ֖ת (yə·šū·‘ōṯ)
Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 3444: Something saved, deliverance, aid, victory, prosperity
wisdom,
חָכְמַ֣ת (ḥā·ḵə·maṯ)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 2451: Wisdom
and knowledge.
וָדָ֑עַת (wā·ḏā·‘aṯ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 1847: Knowledge
The fear
יִרְאַ֥ת (yir·’aṯ)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 3374: Fear, reverence
of the LORD
יְהוָ֖ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel
is Zion’s treasure.
אוֹצָרֽוֹ׃ (’ō·w·ṣā·rōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 214: Treasure, store, a treasury, storehouse
KJV And wisdom and knowledge shall be the stability of thy times, and strength of salvation: the fear of the LORD is his treasure.
NIV He will be the sure foundation for your times, a rich store of salvation and wisdom and knowledge; the fear of the LORD is the key to this treasure.
ESV and he will be the stability of your times, abundance of salvation, wisdom, and knowledge; the fear of the LORD is Zion’s treasure.
BSB He will be the sure foundation for your times, a storehouse of salvation, wisdom, and knowledge. The fear of the LORD is Zion’s treasure.
NASB And He will be the stability of your times, A wealth of salvation, wisdom, and knowledge; The fear of the LORD is his treasure.
BST They shall be delivered up to the law: our salvation is our treasure: there are wisdom and knowledge and piety toward the Lord; these are the treasures of righteousness.
Alter And He shall be the trust of your times, power to rescue, wisdom and knowledge, fear of the LORD, that is his treasure.
Chabad And the faith of your times shall be the strength of salvations, wisdom and knowledge; fear of the Lord, that is his treasure.
Hebrew Transliteration Isaiah 32:7
There will be times of security for you
a storehouse of salvation, wisdom, and knowledge.
The fear of the LORD is Zion's treasure
Parallel
A. Security - Storehouse - Zion's treasure
A storehouse represents something you can rely on or security, this is the treasure in Zion which is the fear of the LORD will produce salvation, wisdom, and knowledge.
From Isaiah 32:5-6
Chiasmus ABBA
A. He has filled Zion with justice and righteousness
B. There will be times of security for you
B. a storehouse of salvation, wisdom, and knowledge.
A. The fear of the LORD is Zion's treasure
A. Filled Zion with justice and righteousness - Zion's treasure
B. Times of security - Storehouse
The LORD filled Zion with justice and righteousness, this is poured out from on high and becomes a treasure that is triggered by the fear of the LORD. That becomes a storehouse, for times of security, a place of salvation.
7 See, their stalwarts sob in public;
the champions of peace weep bitterly.
Behold!
הֵ֚ן (hên)
Interjection
Strong's 2005: Lo! behold!
Their warriors
אֶרְאֶלָּ֔ם (’er·’el·lām)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 691: Perhaps a hero
cry aloud
צָעֲק֖וּ (ṣā·‘ă·qū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 6817: To shriek, to proclaim
in the streets;
חֻ֑צָה (ḥu·ṣāh)
Noun - masculine singular | third person feminine singular
Strong's 2351: Separate by a, wall, outside, outdoors
the envoys
מַלְאֲכֵ֣י (mal·’ă·ḵê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 4397: A messenger, of God, an angel
of peace
שָׁל֔וֹם (šā·lō·wm)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7965: Safe, well, happy, friendly, welfare, health, prosperity, peace
weep
יִבְכָּיֽוּן׃ (yiḇ·kā·yūn)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural | Paragogic nun
Strong's 1058: To weep, to bemoan
bitterly.
מַ֖ר (mar)
Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 4751: Bitter, bitterness, bitterly
KJV Behold, their valiant ones shall cry without: the ambassadors of peace shall weep bitterly.
NIV Look, their brave men cry aloud in the streets; the envoys of peace weep bitterly.
ESV Behold, their heroes cry in the streets; the envoys of peace weep bitterly.
BSB Behold, their valiant ones cry aloud in the streets; the envoys of peace weep bitterly.
NASB Behold, their brave men cry out in the streets, The ambassadors of peace weep bitterly.
BST Behold now, these shall be terrified with fear of you: those whom ye feared shall cry out because of you: messengers shall be sent, bitterly weeping, entreating for peace.
Alter Look, the Arielites screamed in the streets, messengers of peace wept bitterly.
Chabad Behold [for] their altar they have cried in the street; ambassadors of peace weep bitterly.
Hebrew transliteration Isaiah 33:7
Behold their warriors cry aloud in the streets
The envoys of peace weep bitterly
Parallel
A. Warriors - Envoys of peace
B. Cry aloud - Weep bitterly
Warriors and envoys of peace represent war imagery in a time of defeat. The warriors (Lions of God) feel defeated, and the envoys of peace are hopeless.
8 The highways are desolate, travel is at an end.
The treaties have been violated,
their signatoriesb held in contempt;
man is disregarded.
The highways
מְסִלּ֔וֹת (mə·sil·lō·wṯ)
Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 4546: A thoroughfare, a viaduct, a staircase
are deserted;
נָשַׁ֣מּוּ (nā·šam·mū)
Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 8074: To stun, devastate, stupefy
travel
עֹבֵ֣ר (‘ō·ḇêr)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular construct
Strong's 5674: To pass over, through, or by, pass on
has ceased.
שָׁבַ֖ת (šā·ḇaṯ)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 7673: To repose, desist from exertion
The treaty
בְּרִית֙ (bə·rîṯ)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 1285: A covenant
has been broken,
הֵפֵ֤ר (hê·p̄êr)
Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 6565: To break up, to violate, frustrate
the witnesses
עָרִ֔ים (‘ā·rîm)
Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 5892: Excitement
are despised,
מָאַ֣ס (mā·’as)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3988: To spurn, to disappear
and human life
לֹ֥א (lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no
is disregarded.
חָשַׁ֖ב (ḥā·šaḇ)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 2803: To think, account
KJV The highways lie waste, the wayfaring man ceaseth: he hath broken the covenant, he hath despised the cities, he regardeth no man.
NIV The highways are deserted, no travelers are on the roads. The treaty is broken, its witnesses are despised, no one is respected.
ESV The highways lie waste; the traveler ceases. Covenants are broken; cities are despised; there is no regard for man.
BSB The highways are deserted; travel has ceased. The treaty has been broken, the witnesses are despised, and human life is disregarded.
NASB The highways are desolate, the traveler has ceased, He has broken the covenant, he has despised the cities, He has no regard for mankind.
BST For the ways of these shall be made desolate: the terror of the nations has been made to cease, and the covenant with these is taken away, and ye shall by no means deem them men.
Alter The highways are desolate, no wayfarer comes. He has broken the treaty, spurned the witnesses, made no account of man.
Chabbad Highways have become desolate, the wayfarer has stopped; he has abrogated the treaty, despised cities, considered no man.
Masoretic Text Transliteration Isaiah 33:14
A. Highways lied waste
B. The wayfaring man has ceased.
C. He has broken the covenant
A. He has despised the cities
B. He regarded no man
Chiasmus
ABCAB
A. Highways/Cities - Lied waste/despise
B. Wayfaring man - no regard
C. He has broken the covenant.
The Covenant or treaty (Berit) was broken by the King of Assyria, which is the central message, then, there were no travel or "witnesses," which the King of Assyria had regard for, then he destroyed the cities which were going to lied waste.
9 The Land lies withered and forlorn,
Lebanon wilts shamefully;
Sharon has been turned into a dry waste,
Bashan and Carmel are denuded.
The land
אָ֔רֶץ (’ā·reṣ)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 776: Earth, land
mourns
אָבַ֤ל (’ā·ḇal)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 56: To bewail
[and] languishes;
אֻמְלְלָה֙ (’um·lə·lāh)
Verb - Pual - Perfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 535: To droop, to be sick, to mourn
Lebanon
לְבָנ֖וֹן (lə·ḇā·nō·wn)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 3844: Lebanon -- a wooded mountain range on the northern border of Israel
is ashamed
הֶחְפִּ֥יר (heḥ·pîr)
Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 2659: To blush, to be ashamed, disappointed, to shame, reproach
and decayed.
קָמַ֑ל (qā·mal)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 7060: To be decayed
Sharon
הַשָּׁרוֹן֙ (haš·šā·rō·wn)
Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 8289: Sharon -- a plain on the Mediterranean Sea, perhaps also a region East of the Jordan
is
הָיָ֤ה (hā·yāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be
like a desert;
כָּֽעֲרָבָ֔ה (kā·‘ă·rā·ḇāh)
Preposition-k, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 6160: Arabah -- a steppe or desert plain, also a desert valley running south from the Sea of Galilee
Bashan
בָּשָׁ֖ן (bā·šān)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 1316: Bashan -- 'smooth', a region East of the Jordan
and Carmel
וְכַרְמֶֽל׃ (wə·ḵar·mel)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 3760: Carmel -- a mountain promontory on the Mediterranean, also a city near Hebron
shake off their leaves.
וְנֹעֵ֥ר (wə·nō·‘êr)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 5287: To shake, shake out or off
KJV The earth mourneth and languisheth: Lebanon is ashamed and hewn down: Sharon is like a wilderness; and Bashan and Carmel shake off their fruits.
NIV The land dries up and wastes away, Lebanon is ashamed and withers; Sharon is like the Arabah, and Bashan and Carmel drop their leaves.
ESV The land mourns and languishes; Lebanon is confounded and withers away; Sharon is like a desert, and Bashan and Carmel shake off their leaves.
BSB The land mourns and languishes; Lebanon is ashamed and decayed. Sharon is like a desert; Bashan and Carmel shake off their leaves.
NASB The earth mourns and languishes, Lebanon is shamed and shriveled; Sharon is like a wilderness, And Bashan and Carmel shake off their fruits.
BST The land mourns; Libanus is ashamed: Saron is become marshes; Galilee shall be laid bare, and Chermel.
Alter Mourning, forlorn, is the land He has shamed Lebanon, it withers. Sharon has become like a desert and Bashan and Carmel stripped bare.
Chabbad The land mourns, it has been cut off; he disgraced the Lebanon, it was cut off; the Sharon became like the plain, and Bashan and Karmel have become emptied.
Hebrew transliteration Isaiah 38:9
The Land mourns and languishes;
Lebanon is ashamed and decay
Sharon is like a desert,
Bashan and Carmel shake off their leaves.
Parallel a
A. Land - Lebanon - Sharon - Bashan & Carmel
B. Mourn & languishes - Ashamed and decay - a dessert - Shake off their leaves
The cities of beauty become places of mourn and decay.
Parallel b
Lebanon is ashamed and decay
Sharon is like a desert,
Bashan and Carmel shake off their leaves.
A. Decay - Shake off their leaves
Sequential parallel using tree imagery (cedars of Lebanon), the three decays, and then the leaves shake off, meaning nakedness (lack of covering/protection).
10 Now will I arise, says Jehovah;
I will now become prominent,
now gain preeminence.
“Now
עַתָּ֥ה (‘at·tāh)
Adverb
Strong's 6258: At this time
I will arise,”
אָק֖וּם (’ā·qūm)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular
Strong's 6965: To arise, stand up, stand
says
יֹאמַ֣ר (yō·mar)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say
the LORD.
יְהוָ֑ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel
“Now
עַתָּה֙ (‘at·tāh)
Adverb
Strong's 6258: At this time
I will lift Myself up.
אֵֽרוֹמָ֔ם (’ê·rō·w·mām)
Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - first person common singular
Strong's 7311: To be high actively, to rise, raise
Now
עַתָּ֖ה (‘at·tāh)
Adverb
Strong's 6258: At this time
I will be exalted.
אֶנָּשֵֽׂא׃ (’en·nā·śê)
Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - first person common singular
Strong's 5375: To lift, carry, take
KJV Now will I rise, saith the LORD; now will I be exalted; now will I lift up myself.
NIV “Now will I arise,” says the LORD. “Now will I be exalted; now will I be lifted up.
ESV “Now I will arise,” says the LORD, “now I will lift myself up; now I will be exalted.
BSB “Now I will arise,” says the LORD. “Now I will lift Myself up. Now I will be exalted.
NASB “Now I will arise,” says the LORD, “Now I will be exalted, now I will be lifted up.
BST Now will I arise, saith the Lord, now will I be glorified; now will I be exalted.
Alter Now will I rise, says the LORD, now will I loom, now be raised.
Chabad "Now I will rise," says the Lord. "Now I will be raised; now I will be exalted.
Hebrew Transliteration Isaiah 33:10
Now I will arise, says the LORD.
Now I will lift myself up.
Now will be exalted
Parallel
A. Now
B. Arise - Lift - Exalted
The LORD is already exalted Isaiah 33:5, but here is when finally he will be exalted in the eyes of the people, The three "now" parallels represent a time for this to happen. Three "I"
implies the LORD will do this himself.
Isaiah 32:5 The LORD is exalted, for he dwells on high
11 You who conceived chaff and brought forth stubble,
the fire of your own breath devours you!
You conceive
תַּהֲר֥וּ (ta·hă·rū)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural
Strong's 2029: To conceive, become pregnant
chaff;
חֲשַׁ֖שׁ (ḥă·šaš)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2842: Dry grass
you give birth to
תֵּ֣לְדוּ (tê·lə·ḏū)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural
Strong's 3205: To bear young, to beget, medically, to act as midwife, to show lineage
stubble.
קַ֑שׁ (qaš)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7179: Stubble, chaff
Your breath
רוּחֲכֶ֕ם (rū·ḥă·ḵem)
Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine plural
Strong's 7307: Wind, breath, exhalation, life, anger, unsubstantiality, a region of the sky, spirit
is a fire
אֵ֖שׁ (’êš)
Noun - common singular
Strong's 784: A fire
that will consume you.
תֹּאכַלְכֶֽם׃ (tō·ḵal·ḵem)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular | second person masculine plural
Strong's 398: To eat
KJV --
NIV --
ESV --
BSB --
NASB --
BST --
Alter --
Chabbad --
Hebrew Transliteration Isaiah 32:11
You conceived chaff, you give birth to stubble.
Your breath is a fire that will consume you.
Parallel
A. Chaff -Stubble
B. Fire - Consume
The conceived plan because a metaphor for chaff and stubble, your own breath represents that whatever he is doing, it will make him consume like fire.
12 Whole nations have been burned like lime,
mown down like thorns and set ablaze.
The peoples
עַמִּ֖ים (‘am·mîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock
will be
וְהָי֥וּ (wə·hā·yū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be
burned
מִשְׂרְפ֣וֹת (miś·rə·p̄ō·wṯ)
Noun - feminine plural construct
Strong's 4955: Combustion, cremation, calcination
to ashes,
שִׂ֑יד (śîḏ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7875: Lime, whitewash
like thorns
קוֹצִ֥ים (qō·w·ṣîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 6975: A thorn, thornbush
cut down
כְּסוּחִ֖ים (kə·sū·ḥîm)
Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine plural
Strong's 3683: To cut off or away
and set
יִצַּֽתּוּ׃ (yiṣ·ṣat·tū)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 3341: To burn, set on fire, to desolate
ablaze.
בָּאֵ֥שׁ (bā·’êš)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - common singular
Strong's 784: A fire
KJV --
NIV --
ESV --
BSB --
NASB --
BST --
Alter --
Chabbad --
Hebrew Transliteration Isaiah 33:12
The people will be burned to ashes like thorns,
cut down and set ablaze
Parallel
A. Burned to ashes - set ablaze
Thorns are for both to cut them down and to set them on fire, a metaphor for the people.
13 Take heed what I have done, you who are far off;
you who are near, be apprised of my might!
You who are far off,
רְחוֹקִ֖ים (rə·ḥō·w·qîm)
Adjective - masculine plural
Strong's 7350: Remote, of place, time, precious
hear
שִׁמְע֥וּ (šim·‘ū)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural
Strong's 8085: To hear intelligently
what
אֲשֶׁ֣ר (’ă·šer)
Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834: Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that
I have done;
עָשִׂ֑יתִי (‘ā·śî·ṯî)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular
Strong's 6213: To do, make
you who are near,
קְרוֹבִ֖ים (qə·rō·w·ḇîm)
Adjective - masculine plural
Strong's 7138: Near
acknowledge
וּדְע֥וּ (ū·ḏə·‘ū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural
Strong's 3045: To know
My might.”
גְּבֻרָתִֽי׃ (gə·ḇu·rā·ṯî)
Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 1369: Force, valor, victory
KJV --
NIV --
ESV --
BSB --
NASB --
BST --
Alter --
Chabbad --
Hebrew Transliteration Isaiah 33:13
You who are far off, hear what I have done;
You are near, acknowledge my might
Parallel
A. Far off - near
B. Hear - acknowledge
C. What I have done - My might
The message is for God to be exalted, he needs to be acknowledged, and the ones who are near become witnesses to the ones who are far off. What the ones who are far off the need to hear is what the LORD has done, which is "his might," and the ones near are going to be witnesses of it.
14 The sinners in Zion are struck with fear;
the godless are in the grip of trembling:
Who among us can live through the devouring fire?
Who among us can abide eternal burning?
The sinners
חַטָּאִ֔ים (ḥaṭ·ṭā·’îm)
Adjective - masculine plural
Strong's 2400: A criminal, one accounted guilty
in Zion
בְצִיּוֹן֙ (ḇə·ṣî·yō·wn)
Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 6726: Zion -- a mountain in Jerusalem, also a name for Jerusalem
are afraid;
פָּחֲד֤וּ (pā·ḥă·ḏū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 6342: To dread, be in dread or in awe
trembling
רְעָדָ֖ה (rə·‘ā·ḏāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 7461: A trembling
grips
אָחֲזָ֥ה (’ā·ḥă·zāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 270: To grasp, take hold, take possession
the ungodly:
חֲנֵפִ֑ים (ḥă·nê·p̄îm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 2611: Profane, irreligious
“Who
מִ֣י ׀ (mî)
Interrogative
Strong's 4310: Who?, whoever, in oblique construction with prefix, suffix
of us can dwell with
יָג֣וּר (yā·ḡūr)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1481: To turn aside from the road, sojourn, to shrink, fear, to gather for, hostility
a consuming
אוֹכֵלָ֔ה (’ō·w·ḵê·lāh)
Verb - Qal - Participle - feminine singular
Strong's 398: To eat
fire?
אֵ֚שׁ (’êš)
Noun - common singular construct
Strong's 784: A fire
Who
מִי־ (mî-)
Interrogative
Strong's 4310: Who?, whoever, in oblique construction with prefix, suffix
of us can dwell with
יָג֥וּר (yā·ḡūr)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1481: To turn aside from the road, sojourn, to shrink, fear, to gather for, hostility
everlasting
עוֹלָֽם׃ (‘ō·w·lām)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5769: Concealed, eternity, frequentatively, always
flames?”
מוֹקְדֵ֥י (mō·wq·ḏê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 4168: A fire, fuel, a conflagration
KJV --
NIV --
ESV --
BSB --
NASB --
BST --
Alter --
Chabbad --
Hebrew Transliteration Isaiah 33:14
The sinners in Zion are afraid
trembling grips the ungodly
Who among us can dwell a consuming fire?
who of us can dwell with everlasting flames?
Parallel
A. Sinners - Ungodly
B. Afraid - Trembling
C. Who among us - who of us
D. dwell
E. Consuming fire - Everlasting flames
This refers to the people in Zion, sinners and ungodly, who are the one who is afraid and tremble, the question asks if any of them can dwell or endure consuming fire, which seems to be the enemy (v11) and parallels the everlasting flames (God?). Perhaps there is no option to be devoured by one fire or the other instead, the ones who can endure the everlasting flames.
15 They who conduct themselves righteously
and are honest in word,
who disdain extortion
and stay their hand from taking bribes,
who stop their ears at the mention of murder,
who shut their eyes at the sight of wickedness.
He who walks
הֹלֵ֣ךְ (hō·lêḵ)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 1980: To go, come, walk
righteously
צְדָק֔וֹת (ṣə·ḏā·qō·wṯ)
Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 6666: Rightness, subjectively, objectively
and speaks
וְדֹבֵ֖ר (wə·ḏō·ḇêr)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 1696: To arrange, to speak, to subdue
with sincerity,
מֵֽישָׁרִ֑ים (mê·šā·rîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 4339: Evenness, prosperity, concord, straightness, rectitude
who refuses
מֹאֵ֞ס (mō·’ês)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 3988: To spurn, to disappear
gain
בְּבֶ֣צַע (bə·ḇe·ṣa‘)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1215: Gain made by violence, unjust gain, profit
from extortion,
מַעֲשַׁקּ֗וֹת (ma·‘ă·šaq·qō·wṯ)
Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 4642: Extortionate act
whose hand
כַּפָּיו֙ (kap·pāw)
Noun - fdc | third person masculine singular
Strong's 3709: Hollow or flat of the hand, palm, sole (of the foot), a pan
never
נֹעֵ֤ר (nō·‘êr)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 5287: To shake, shake out or off
takes
מִתְּמֹ֣ךְ (mit·tə·mōḵ)
Preposition-m | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 8551: To sustain, to obtain, keep fast, to help, follow close
a bribe,
בַּשֹּׁ֔חַד (baš·šō·ḥaḏ)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7810: A present, bribe
who stops
אֹטֵ֤ם (’ō·ṭêm)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 331: To close, to contract
his ears
אָזְנוֹ֙ (’ā·zə·nōw)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 241: Broadness, the ear
against
מִשְּׁמֹ֣עַ (miš·šə·mō·a‘)
Preposition-m | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 8085: To hear intelligently
murderous plots
דָּמִ֔ים (dā·mîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 1818: Blood, of man, an animal, the juice of the grape, bloodshed
and shuts
וְעֹצֵ֥ם (wə·‘ō·ṣêm)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 6105: To bind fast, close, powerful, numerous, to crunch the bones
his eyes tightly
עֵינָ֖יו (‘ê·nāw)
Noun - cdc | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5869: An eye, a fountain
against
מֵרְא֥וֹת (mê·rə·’ō·wṯ)
Preposition-m | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 7200: To see
evil—
בְּרָֽע׃ (bə·rā‘)
Preposition-b | Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 7451: Bad, evil
KJV --
NIV --
ESV --
BSB --
NASB --
BST --
Alter --
Chabbad --
Hebrew Transliteration Isaiah 33:15
A. He who walks righteously
A. and speaks sincerity,
B. Who refuses gain from extortion
B. whose hand never takes a bribe
A. Who stops his ears against murderous plots
A. Who shuts the eyes tightly against evil
Chiasmus AABAA
Walk and speak (mouth) are actions parallel with ears (hear) and eyes (seen). It defines the path of the righteous as a refusal of the current society, sincerity is the opposite of murderous plots, which is evil. The center of the chiasmus represents the current society that sells its righteousness for extortion and bribes.
16 They shall dwell on high;
the impregnable cliffs are their fortress.
Bread is provided them, their water is sure.
he
ה֚וּא (hū)
Pronoun - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1931: He, self, the same, this, that, as, are
will dwell
יִשְׁכֹּ֔ן (yiš·kōn)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 7931: To settle down, abide, dwell
on the heights;
מְרוֹמִ֣ים (mə·rō·w·mîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 4791: Altitude
his refuge
מִשְׂגַּבּ֑וֹ (miś·gab·bōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 4869: A secure height, retreat, stronghold
will be the mountain
סְלָעִ֖ים (sə·lā·‘îm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 5553: A craggy rock
fortress;
מְצָד֥וֹת (mə·ṣā·ḏō·wṯ)
Noun - feminine plural construct
Strong's 4679: Fastness, a stronghold
his food
לַחְמ֣וֹ (laḥ·mōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 3899: Food, bread, grain
will be provided
נִתָּ֔ן (nit·tān)
Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 5414: To give, put, set
[and] his water
מֵימָ֖יו (mê·māw)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 4325: Water, juice, urine, semen
assured.
נֶאֱמָנִֽים׃ (ne·’ĕ·mā·nîm)
Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 539: To confirm, support
KJV --
NIV --
ESV --
BSB --
NASB --
BST --
Alter --
Chabbad --
Hebrew Transliteration Isaiah 33:16
He will dwell on the heights
His refuge will the mountain fortress
His bread will be provided and his water assured.
Parallel
A. Dwell - His refuge
B. Hights - Mountain Fortress
C. His Bread - His water
D. Provided - assured
For "the righteous" v15, his dwelling place becomes a refuge, is on high (heights) and a mountain fortress because the LORD is exalted (v10), mount Zion. Water and bread, basic elements for sustaining life, also the body of Christ, becomes provided (grace) and is assured.
The pronoun "his" is repeated three times, and presenters something own or gain:
His refuge
His bread
His water
17 Your eyes shall behold the King in his glory
and view the expanse of the earth.
Your eyes
עֵינֶ֑יךָ (‘ê·ne·ḵā)
Noun - cdc | second person masculine singular
Strong's 5869: An eye, a fountain
will see
תֶּחֱזֶ֣ינָה (te·ḥĕ·ze·nāh)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine plural
Strong's 2372: To gaze at, to perceive, contemplate, to have a, vision of
the King
מֶ֥לֶךְ (me·leḵ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4428: A king
in His beauty
בְּיָפְי֖וֹ (bə·yā·p̄ə·yōw)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 3308: Beauty
and behold
תִּרְאֶ֖ינָה (tir·’e·nāh)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine plural
Strong's 7200: To see
a land
אֶ֥רֶץ (’e·reṣ)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 776: Earth, land
that stretches afar.
מַרְחַקִּֽים׃ (mar·ḥaq·qîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 4801: Remoteness, a distant place, from afar
KJV --
NIV --
ESV --
BSB --
NASB --
BST --
Alter --
Chabbad --
Transliteration Isaiah 33:17
Your eyes will see the King in his beauty
and behold a land stretches afar
Parallel
A. Eyes - behold
B. King and his beauty - land stretches afar
The people shall see or behold the king in his beauty which parallels a land that is stretching afar, both are the same thing.
18 You shall recount in your mind the terror:
Where are those who conducted the census?
Where are those who levied the tax?
Where are the ones who appraised the towers?
Your mind
לִבְּךָ֖ (lib·bə·ḵā)
Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 3820: The heart, the feelings, the will, the intellect, centre
will ponder
יֶהְגֶּ֣ה (yeh·geh)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1897: To moan, growl, utter, speak, muse
the former terror:
אֵימָ֑ה (’ê·māh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 367: Fright, an idol
“Where
אַיֵּ֤ה (’ay·yêh)
Interrogative
Strong's 346: Where?
is he who tallies?
סֹפֵר֙ (sō·p̄êr)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 5608: To count, recount, relate
Where
אַיֵּ֣ה (’ay·yêh)
Interrogative
Strong's 346: Where?
is he who weighs?
שֹׁקֵ֔ל (šō·qêl)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 8254: To suspend, poise
Where
אַיֵּ֖ה (’ay·yêh)
Interrogative
Strong's 346: Where?
is he who counts
סֹפֵ֥ר (sō·p̄êr)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 5608: To count, recount, relate
the towers?”
הַמִּגְדָּלִֽים׃ (ham·miḡ·dā·lîm)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 4026: A tower, a rostrum, a, bed of flowers
KJV --
NIV --
ESV --
BSB --
NASB --
BST --
Alter --
Chabbad --
Hebrew transliteration Isaiah 33:18
Your mind will ponder the former terror
where is he who tallies?
Where is he who weighs?
Where is he who counts the towers?
Parallel
A. Where is he
B. Who tallies - weighs - tower
We have a definition of what the former or past terror/idol (’ê·māh) was, the people who tallies, weighs, and counted the towers, all of those are parallels of the people fearing the King of Assyria.
19 The insolent people are not to be seen,
a nation of incomprehensible speech,
whose babbling tongue was unintelligible.
You will no
לֹ֣א (lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no
longer see
תִרְאֶ֑ה (ṯir·’eh)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 7200: To see
the insolent,
נוֹעָ֖ז (nō·w·‘āz)
Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 3267: To be bold, obstinate
a people
עַ֣ם (‘am)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock
whose speech
שָׂפָה֙ (śā·p̄āh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 8193: The lip, language, a margin
is unintelligible,
עִמְקֵ֤י (‘im·qê)
Adjective - masculine plural construct
Strong's 6012: Deep, unfathomable
who stammer
נִלְעַ֥ג (nil·‘aḡ)
Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3932: To deride, to speak unintelligibly
in a language
לָשׁ֖וֹן (lā·šō·wn)
Noun - common singular
Strong's 3956: The tongue
that is not
אֵ֥ין (’ên)
Adverb
Strong's 369: A non-entity, a negative particle
understood.
בִּינָֽה׃ (bî·nāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 998: An understanding
KJV --
NIV --
ESV --
BSB --
NASB --
BST --
Alter --
Chabbad --
Hebrew Transliteration Isaiah 33:19
You will no see the insolent people
a people whose speech is unintelligible
Who stammer in a language that is not understood
Parallel
A. Insolent people - a people
B. Speech - Stammer in language
C. Unintelligible - not understood
The parallels here define the insolent people, those whose speech and language was stammer, unintelligible, and not understood. It parallels 32:4 and 28:15.
20 Behold Zion, the city of our solemn assemblies;
let your eyes rest upon Jerusalem,
the abode of peace—an immovable tent,
whose stakes shall never be uprooted,
nor any of its cords severed.
Look
חֲזֵ֣ה (ḥă·zêh)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular
Strong's 2372: To gaze at, to perceive, contemplate, to have a, vision of
upon Zion,
צִיּ֔וֹן (ṣî·yō·wn)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 6726: Zion -- a mountain in Jerusalem, also a name for Jerusalem
the city
קִרְיַ֖ת (qir·yaṯ)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 7151: A town, city
of our festivals.
מֽוֹעֲדֵ֑נוּ (mō·w·‘ă·ḏê·nū)
Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common plural
Strong's 4150: Appointed time, place, or meeting
Your eyes
עֵינֶיךָ֩ (‘ê·ne·ḵā)
Noun - cdc | second person masculine singular
Strong's 5869: An eye, a fountain
will see
תִרְאֶ֨ינָה (ṯir·’e·nāh)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine plural
Strong's 7200: To see
Jerusalem,
יְרוּשָׁלִַ֜ם (yə·rū·šā·lim)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 3389: Jerusalem -- probably 'foundation of peace', capital city of all Israel
a peaceful
שַׁאֲנָ֗ן (ša·’ă·nān)
Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 7600: Secure, haughty
pasture,
נָוֶ֣ה (nā·weh)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5116: Abode of shepherd or flocks, habitation
a tent
אֹ֤הֶל (’ō·hel)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 168: A tent
that does not
בַּל־ (bal-)
Adverb
Strong's 1077: A failure, nothing, not at all, lest
wander;
יִצְעָן֙ (yiṣ·‘ān)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 6813: To load up, to migrate
its tent pegs
יְתֵֽדֹתָיו֙ (yə·ṯê·ḏō·ṯāw)
Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 3489: A peg, pin
will not
בַּל־ (bal-)
Adverb
Strong's 1077: A failure, nothing, not at all, lest
be pulled up,
יִסַּ֤ע (yis·sa‘)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5265: To pull up, the tent-pins, start on a, journey
nor
בַּל־ (bal-)
Adverb
Strong's 1077: A failure, nothing, not at all, lest
will any
וְכָל־ (wə·ḵāl)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every
of its cords
חֲבָלָ֖יו (ḥă·ḇā·lāw)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 2256: A rope, a measuring line, a district, inheritance, a noose, a company, a throe, ruin
be loosened.
יִנָּתֵֽקוּ׃ (yin·nā·ṯê·qū)
Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 5423: To pull, draw, or tear away, apart, or off
KJV --
NIV --
ESV --
BSB --
NASB --
BST --
Alter --
Chabbad --
Hebrew Transliteration of Isaiah 33:20
Look upon Zion, the city of your festivals.
Your eyes will see Jerusalem
A peaceful pasture, a tent does not wander
Its ten pegs will not be pulled up
Nor will any of its cords
Parallel
A. Look upon - Your eyes
B. Zion the city of your festival - Jerusalem
C. Tent- Pegs - Cords
D. Not wander - Not be pulled up
Zion and Jerusalem are parallels, and they represent the appointed times (festivals), this is what people will see being created. This will include the tent whose stakes (pegs) and cords won't be pulled up again and wonder no longer.
24 None who reside there shall say, I am ill;
the people who inhabit it
shall be forgiven their iniquity.
And no
וּבַל־ (ū·ḇal-)
Conjunctive waw | Adverb
Strong's 1077: A failure, nothing, not at all, lest
resident [of Zion]
שָׁכֵ֖ן (šā·ḵên)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7934: A resident, a fellow-citizen
will say,
יֹאמַ֥ר (yō·mar)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say
“I am sick.”
חָלִ֑יתִי (ḥā·lî·ṯî)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular
Strong's 2470: To be weak or sick
The people
הָעָ֛ם (hā·‘ām)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock
who dwell
הַיֹּשֵׁ֥ב (hay·yō·šêḇ)
Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 3427: To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry
there
בָּ֖הּ (bāh)
Preposition | third person feminine singular
Strong's Hebrew
will be forgiven
נְשֻׂ֥א (nə·śu)
Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singular construct
Strong's 5375: To lift, carry, take
their iniquity.
עָוֺֽן׃ (‘ā·wōn)
Noun - common singular
Strong's 5771: Iniquity, guilt, punishment for iniquity
KJV --
NIV --
ESV --
BSB --
NASB --
BST --
Alter --
Chabbad --
Hebrew transliteration Isaiah 33:24
And no resident [of Zion] will say, "I am sick."
the people who dwell there will be forgiven their iniquity.
Parallel
A. Resident - People
B. I am sick - Iniquities will be forgiven
The resident of Zion will heal, this represents their iniquity is forgiven.
21 May Jehovah cause us to welld there,
a country of rivers and broad streams,
where no warships sail
or majestic fleets pass by.
But
אִם־ (’im-)
Conjunction
Strong's 518: Lo!, whether?, if, although, Oh that!, when, not
there
שָׁ֞ם (šām)
Adverb
Strong's 8033: There, then, thither
the Majestic One,
אַדִּ֤יר (’ad·dîr)
Adjective - masculine singular construct
Strong's 117: Wide, large, powerful
our LORD,
יְהוָה֙ (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel
[will be] for us
לָ֔נוּ (lā·nū)
Preposition | first person common plural
Strong's Hebrew
a place
מְקוֹם־ (mə·qō·wm-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4725: A standing, a spot, a condition
of rivers
נְהָרִ֥ים (nə·hā·rîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 5104: A stream, prosperity
and wide
רַחֲבֵ֣י (ra·ḥă·ḇê)
Adjective - masculine plural construct
Strong's 7342: Wide, broad
canals,
יְאֹרִ֖ים (yə·’ō·rîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 2975: Nile -- a channel, a fosse, canal, shaft, the Nile, the Tigris
where no
בַּל־ (bal-)
Adverb
Strong's 1077: A failure, nothing, not at all, lest
galley
אֳנִי־ (’o·nî-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 590: Ships, a fleet
with oars
שַׁ֔יִט (ša·yiṭ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7885: An oar, a, scourge
will go,
תֵּ֤לֶךְ (tê·leḵ)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 1980: To go, come, walk
and majestic
אַדִּ֖יר (’ad·dîr)
Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 117: Wide, large, powerful
vessels
וְצִ֥י (wə·ṣî)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6716: A ship
will not
לֹ֥א (lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no
pass.
יַעַבְרֶֽנּוּ׃ (ya·‘aḇ·ren·nū)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5674: To pass over, through, or by, pass on
KJV --
NIV --
ESV --
BSB --
NASB --
BST --
Alter --
Chabbad --
Transliteration Isaiah 33:21
But there the Majestic One, our LORD,
will be for us a place of rivers and wide canals,
where no galley with oars will go,
and majestic vessels will pass.
Parallel
A. The Mastic one - LORD
B. Rivers - wide canals
C. Galley with Oars - Majestic Vessels
D. No go - No pass
The LORD becomes a place of rivers and wide canals, and the enemy, represented by a galley with oars or a majestic vessel, will no go or pass.
23 Their riggings hang loose;
they hold not the mast in place
nor spread out the sail.
Now shall spoil in abundance be divided,
and even the lame take part in the plun
Your ropes
חֲבָלָ֑יִךְ (ḥă·ḇā·lā·yiḵ)
Noun - masculine plural construct | second person feminine singular
Strong's 2256: A rope, a measuring line, a district, inheritance, a noose, a company, a throe, ruin
are slack;
נִטְּשׁ֖וּ (niṭ·ṭə·šū)
Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 5203: To pound, smite, to disperse, to thrust off, down, out, upon
they cannot
בַּל־ (bal-)
Adverb
Strong's 1077: A failure, nothing, not at all, lest
secure
יְחַזְּק֤וּ (yə·ḥaz·zə·qū)
Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 2388: To fasten upon, to seize, be strong, obstinate, to bind, restrain, conquer
the mast
תָּרְנָם֙ (tā·rə·nām)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 8650: A pole
or spread
פָּ֣רְשׂוּ (pā·rə·śū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 6566: To break apart, disperse
the sail.
נֵ֔ס (nês)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5251: A flag, a sail, a flagstaff, a signal, a token
Then
אָ֣ז (’āz)
Adverb
Strong's 227: At that time, place, therefore
an abundance
מַרְבֶּ֔ה (mar·beh)
Adverb
Strong's 4766: Increasing, greatness, greatly
of spoils
שָׁלָל֙ (šā·lāl)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7998: A prey, spoil, plunder, booty
will be divided,
חֻלַּ֤ק (ḥul·laq)
Verb - Pual - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 2505: To be smooth, to apportion, separate
[and even] the lame
פִּסְחִ֖ים (pis·ḥîm)
Adjective - masculine plural
Strong's 6455: Lame
will carry off plunder.
בָּ֥זְזוּ (bā·zə·zū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 962: To spoil, plunder
KJV --
NIV --
ESV --
BSB --
NASB --
BST --
Alter --
Chabbad --
Hebrew Transliteration of Isaiah 33:23
Your ropes are slack,
They cannot secure the mast
or spread the sail.
Then the abundance of spoils will be divided,
and even the lame will carry off plunder
Parallel
A. Slack - Cannot secure the mast - spread the sail
b. Spoils - Plunders
The ropes slack, unsecured, and with the spread of the sail, contrast the tent in Zion that is secure. The LORD takes the spoils and plunder (Isaiah 33:1), and even the lame can partake of it.
22 For Jehovah is our Judge,
and Jehovah our Lawgiver.
Jehovah is our King; he himself will save us.
For
כִּ֤י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction
the LORD
יְהוָה֙ (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel
is our Judge,
שֹׁפְטֵ֔נוּ (šō·p̄ə·ṭê·nū)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular construct | first person common plural
Strong's 8199: To judge, pronounce sentence, to vindicate, punish, to govern, to litigate
the LORD
יְהוָ֖ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel
is our lawgiver,
מְחֹקְקֵ֑נוּ (mə·ḥō·qə·qê·nū)
Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular construct | first person common plural
Strong's 2710: To hack, engrave, to enact, prescribe
the LORD
יְהוָ֥ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel
is our King.
מַלְכֵּ֖נוּ (mal·kê·nū)
Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common plural
Strong's 4428: A king
He
ה֥וּא (hū)
Pronoun - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1931: He, self, the same, this, that, as, are
will save us.
יוֹשִׁיעֵֽנוּ׃ (yō·wō·šî·‘ê·nū)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | first person common plural
Strong's 3467: To be open, wide, free, to be safe, to free, succor
KJV --
NIV --
ESV --
BSB --
NASB --
BST --
Alter --
Chabbad --
Hebrew Transliteration Isaiah 33:22
For the LORD is our judge
The LORD our lawgiver
The Lord is our king, He will save us.
Parallel
A. LORD
B. Judge - Lawgiver - King
The LORD becomes what ensures a place for justice, righteousness through the law, and salvation as King.